What is a Right to Review in Formula 1 and why are McLaren using it?

Knowing that every point counts in the world championship, McLaren is doing what probably any F1 team would do: pursue all legal avenues to try and ensure Lando Norris finishes third in the United States Grand Prix - at the expense of Max Verstappen. The British have requested a so-called Right to Review from the stewards. What is that and why does McLaren think it has a chance of reviewing the penalty?